In 1961, residents of Philadelphia awoke to a divided city. Because Confederate Troops had sealed off the border between North and South Philadelphia, shutting off the escape route for thousands of refugees headed for the United States.

A City DividedPlans to build a fortified wall for the Mason-Dixon Line were being explored in Richmond. President of the Union John F Kennedy (pictured) described the action as both illegal, and an insult to the City's Motto: "Philadelphia maneto" - "Let brotherly love endure", asserting that "They are and remain our American brothers and sisters".