| December 3 | ![]() |
In 183 BC, on this day Consul for life and Dictator Publius Cornelius Scipio Africanus (pictured) died in the "ungrateful" city of Rome [1].
Scipio Africanus, Dictator for LifeA famous Roman General, he had become a living legend by defeating Hannibal and the Carthaginians at the Battle of Zama.
The Scipiones, as his supported were known, insisted that he was the man to lead the Empire despite the opposition of his enemies and widespread ingratitude of the citizenry. But instead he planned to retire from politics by hand-picking a suitable successor Tiberius Sempronius Gracchus, the Elder, but when he died [2] Scipio was forced to take the purple.
He ruled until his suspiciously premature death aged fifty-three, almost certainly the result of poisoning or suicide for unknown causes.
In 1980, on this day the British Fascist Sir Oswald Ernald Mosley, 6th Baronet, of Ancoats died in Mayfair, London [1]. Within the family and among intimate friends, he was always called "Tom".
The Death of Blackshirt TomHe was a Member of Parliament for Harrow from 1918 to 1924 and for Smethwick from 1926 to 1931, as well as Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster in the Labour Government of 1929-1931. He resigned due to his disagreement with the Labour Government's unemployment policy.
Disappointed by the two main parties in British politics, he founded the New Party in 1931. Arguing for elections based on class lines rather than geographical location, the New Party was unpopular until the full effects of the Great Depression hit England. Mosley's ranks swelled with the unemployed, and he was elected Prime Minister in 1932.
He made common cause with continental fascists Mussolini of Italy, Franco of Spain and Hitler of Germany during his premiership, but where they are all gone by the end of the decade, Mosley's rule of Britain has only begun.
In 311 AD, on this day Diocletian expired in Aspalathos, one of the few Emperors of the third and fourth centuries to die naturally.
Hedges of the Night
Article written by Ed, Scott Palter & Jeff ProvineGaius Aurelius Valerius Diocletianus Augustus was born into slavery in Salona, an ancient Illyrian Delmati city in the Roman Province of Dalmatia. From freedman he rose steadily through the ranks of the military, serving in Gaul before the appointment as Dux Moesiae, cavalry commander of forces on the lower Danube. After the deaths of Carus and his son Numerian on campaign in Persia, Diocletian was proclaimed Emperor. The title was also claimed by Carus' other surviving son, Carinus, but Diocletian defeated him in the Battle of the Margus. With his accession to power, Diocletian ended the Crisis of the Third Century.
Diocletian appointed fellow officer Maximian Augustus his senior co-emperor in 285. He delegated further on 1 March 293, appointing Galerius and Constantius as Caesars, junior co-emperors. Under this "Tetrarchy", or "rule of four", each emperor would rule over a quarter-division of the Empire. Diocletian secured the Empire's borders and purged it of all threats to his power. He defeated the Sarmatians and Carpi during several campaigns between 285 and 299, the Alamanni in 288, and usurpers in Egypt between 297 and 298. Galerius, aided by Diocletian, campaigned successfully against Sassanid Persia, the Empire's traditional enemy. In 299 he sacked their capital, Ctesiphon. he led the subsequent negotiations and achieved a lasting and favorable peace.
His life experience provided Diocletian with a broad understanding of the operation of the power structures in the Roman Empire. And from his lowly birth status grew the germ of a compelling vision for meritocracy that would secure the future. Clearly to survive the centuries, the Empire needed to devolve into a symbiotic grouping of self-sustaining admnistrative provinces which could draw from local resources (the Rhine and Danube had the good recruiting grounds, whereas the East and to a lesser extent Italy/Africa had the money). But such a structure was always vulnerable to a powerful general whose ambition was to rule the whole Empire.
The answer to this conundrum was the progression of offices under which a Count of Britain picked in York by two Caesars and two Augusti could rise to higher order roles in Trier, Antioch, the Danube and finally Rome. As a further safeguard against dictatorship, Diocletian introduced a formal separation of powers, with a strong Senate and controls to keep the Praetorian Guard in check. It was these "hedges of the night" that would sustain the rule of four in the long centuries to come, preventing the civilized world from plunging into a dark age.
In 1826, on this day US President George B. McClellan was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
Birth of "Little Mac" by Eric LippsHe was assassinated by a Unionist sympathiser who burst into the Presidential box whilst he and his wife were watching the aptly named play "Our American Cousin" at Ford's theatre in Washington, D.C.
McClellan, though loyal to the Union, was notorious for overestimating the strength of Confederate military power and, as President, had sought a negotiated peace rather than a triumph of arms he seemed to believe impossible.
Acting as general-in-chief, and also Army of the Potomac his Peninsula Campaign in 1862 ended in failure, with retreats from attacks by General Robert E. Lee's smaller army and an unfulfilled plan to seize the Confederate capital of Richmond. Later his performance at the bloody Battle of Antietam blunted Lee's invasion of Maryland, but allowed Lee to eke out a precarious tactical draw and avoid destruction, despite being outnumbered. As a result, McClellan's leadership skills during battles were questioned by U.S. President Abraham Lincoln, who eventually removed him from command, before he entered the political fray and won the 1864 election.
In 1829, on this day the seventeenth President of the United States, George Brinton McClellan (pictured) was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. He was the son of a prominent surgical ophthalmologist, Dr. George McClellan (1796-1847), the founder of Jefferson Medical College.
George B. McClellan
17th US President"Little Mac" (as he was known) was the grandson of Revolutionary War general Samuel McClellan of Woodstock, Connecticut. He first attended the University of Pennsylvania in 1840 at age thirteen, resigning himself to the study of law. After two years, he changed his goal to military service. With the assistance of his father's letter to President John Tyler, young George was accepted at the United States Military Academy in 1842, the academy having waived its normal minimum age of sixteen. It was an early warning signal of a "golden boy" being rushed into a position of ultimate responsibility that he was not quite ready for.
During the American Civil War, he organized the famous Army of the Potomac and served briefly (November 1861 to March 1862) as the general-in-chief of the Union Army. Out-generalled by the commander of the Army of Northern Virginia, Robert E. Lee, he was eventually removed him from command, first as general-in-chief, then from the Army of the Potomac. Yet he remained one of the most popular of that army's commanders with its soldiers, who felt that he had their morale and well-being as paramount concerns. Perhaps in the final analysis he was merely a victim of youthful inexperience, because after all Lee was nearly twice his age. Or, as his detractors argued, he lacked the "3am" courage of his ultimate successor, "the butcher" Ulysses S. Grant.
Nevertheless, two years later, the war continued to rage and Lincoln's prospects of re-election had receded sharply. And during the fall of that terrible year, Atlanta held out, and the Confederates won at Cedar Creek and his fate was sealed. Ironically, his opponent was McClellan who won with the support of Peace Democrats like Clement Vallandigham and Fernando Wood who planned to cash in their chips once the McClellan administration took office. Even more strangely, McClellan was a reluctant candidate who was not personally in favour of a peace settlement1. And in fact the military situation disguised an imminent Confederate collapse.
Both candidates clearly saw how close to defeat the rebels really were, understanding that the situation called for a pressed military assault during the remaining five months of Lincoln's Presidency. And sure enough General Sherman was duly ordered to take the Confederate Capital of Richmond in a no holds barred assault. The only question now was whether a lame duck President could muster the necessary authority to seize victory before the inauguration day. Or whether the Confederates could pull off an assassination or perhaps kidnap that would curtail his term of office.
In 1971, on this day the Islamic Republic of Sindhustan invaded the Punjab.
Land of the PureThe risk of this type of conflict had been fully recognized by Anglo-Indian planners twenty-five years before, but the future potential for border dispute had been considered of secondary importance to the primary threat of sectarian violence immediately after the dissolution of the British Raj. And so they chose to adopt the "Iqbal Plan" which was conceived in 1930 by the leader of the All-India Muslim League Allama Muhammed Iqbal.
This particular implementation of the two-nation theory led to the formation of non-contiguous Muslim States in the north-west and south-east of the Indian sub-continent. The need for large-scale population displacement upon Independence was avoided. But an immediate and largely unanticipated setback was that the machinery of government passed into the hands of the Hindustan Republic, and as a result, the British under the command of Sir Douglas Gracey retained control of the army and security forces until 1951.
The leadership of great statesmen was desperately required to move forward from this malformation, but tragically the man best suited to do so, Mohammed Jinnah died of tuberculosis and lung cancer just one month after independence. Although Jinnah had been encouraged to return to India by Iqbal, he had almost immediately began to promote an alternative two-nation theory. He proposed a "hard partition" resulting in a new secular state called Pakistan, a name devised in 1933 by Choudhary Rahmat Ali as an acronym of Punjab (P), Afghan (a), Kashmir (k), Sindh (s) and Balochistan (tan) and based upon the persian word "Pakstan" meaning "land of the pure".
Chronic instability problems from the beginning ensured that those six areas soon became independent states. But the situation radically changed in 1979 with the Soviet Invasion of Afghanistan. The region was flushed with a huge influx of American arms and money. And the eventual defeat of the Red Army led to a renewed appetite for building a Fort of Islam.
In 1839, in another critical moment of failure of famed States Rights advocate Abraham Lincoln, his application to practice law at the federal level was dismissed, possibly due to finagling from Democratic opponents.
Abraham Lincoln Fails his Admission to the US Circuit Court The grounds for refusal were based in his fiery rhetoric and several challenges of his character, giving examples from his history of scatological humor and rough story telling. Lincoln could not deny these remarks and attempted a defense on First Amendment Free Speech, but he would soon give up as he fell into one of his "melancholies" (believed to be what modern psychologists would call clinical depression).
Lincoln's life had been fraught with hardships. Born in a one-room log cabin in Kentucky in 1809, young Lincoln was the son of Thomas Lincoln, who had become a wealthy and respectable man in the real estate business until he was wiped out in 1816 due to court cases over a faulty title. They moved to Indiana, a state where slavery was banned, and tragedy struck again as milk sickness (tremetol poisoning) took Lincoln's mother. Frontier life was hard, and the Lincolns moved westward again to Illinois to a new homestead. Lincoln left home and worked on a river barge before returning and starting a store that would ultimately fail. After losing a political campaign in 1832 and serving as a captain in the Black Hawk War, Lincoln finally found his path as an orator and lawyer.
A new story by Jeff ProvineHe was famously self-educated, stating, "I studied with nobody". Instead, Lincoln read Blackstone's Commentaries on the Laws of England, the Revised Statutes of Indiana, the Declaration of Independence, and the United States Constitution while working as a secretary and surveyor in New Salem, Illinois. In 1834, along with his legal firm, he successfully began his career with the Illinois General Assembly as a Whig, following his hero Henry Clay, whose American System ideals he had begun to follow passionately. As a Whig, he would be firmly for investment in infrastructure to improve the nation, voting for projects such as the Illinois and Michigan Canal to connect Lake Michigan to the Mississippi River, roads, and railroads. With the Panic of 1837, however, the projects became bankrupt and Illinois was "littered with unfinished roads and partially dug canals" while its bonds tumbled in value. Lincoln suggested making up the money by Illinois purchasing federal land and selling it for a profit to private citizens, which the federal government refused. These disappointments by federalism would later impact his philosophy of state self-dependence.
Just as his career seemed to be on the proper path, Lincoln's subtly failing strength as a Whig became a stumbling block blamed for costing him the ability to argue cases in the US Circuit Court. His world collapsed as he settled into depression, even skipping offers by John Todd Stuart, a war buddy and benefactor who had inspired Lincoln to take up law, to meet his cousin Mary Todd. Eventually the two would meet and even marry, though they once broke their engagement due to second thoughts. During this time, Lincoln determined his ideas on independence and voluntary mass-agreements, like marriage, and he focused on local items for his legal practice and political career supporting federalism as less important.
In 1847, Lincoln advanced to the federal level as a representative in the US House. He argued bitterly against the Mexican-American War (disgusted with calls for the glories of war, which he called an "attractive rainbow, that rises in showers of blood") and reaffirmed his "free soil" stance on slavery saying, "the Congress of the United States has the power, under the constitution, to abolish slavery in the District of Columbia; but that power ought not to be exercised unless at the request of the people of said District" while still denouncing the evils of slave-holding. He was rewarded with his support during the election of Zachary Taylor with an offering to be governor of the new Oregon Territory, but Lincoln declined, wanting to stay close to his home of Illinois.
Lincoln spent the next decade working to support his home state, running unsuccessfully in the 1858 Senate campaign but becoming famous after his publication of speeches in the Douglas-Lincoln Debates, including "I believe this government can endure permanently half slave and half free. I do not expect the Union to be dissolved - I do not expect the house to fall - but I do expect it will be divided". He was proven wrong with the secession of the South after the narrow 1860 election of William H. Seward. During the Civil War, Lincoln argued for the rights of Southerners but agreed that a violation of the agreement of Union had taken place. He begrudgingly supported military action and rose significantly to the Illinois Senate, where his aid bills laid groundwork for military planning in decades to come.
After the war and the assassination of Seward, Lincoln became a powerful voice on Reconstruction and the necessity to return the South to normalcy, including the return of many rights. Gathering support from other wings of the Republicans and even former supporters of Douglas as well as revealing much of the corruption of victory-profiteers, Lincoln challenged and would eventually overthrow the Radical Republicans even though he had agreed with them on many anti-slavery issues before. Eventually, Lincoln's fair-mindedness and disgust of corruption would get him elected President of the United States in 1868. Due to his deteriorating health and the increasing mental illness of his wife, Lincoln would retire from politics at the end of his term, though he had already set a new precedent for the United States with regional interest and a successful plurality of political parties. Many scholars would say this disjointedness did much to limit federal power that could have alleviated social woes in the next century's Great Depression.
In 1976, discovering that the leader of the Semitic-African Resistance Nesta Robert (Bob) Marley was playing soccer with street kids, agents of the New Reich surrounded a house on Hope Road in Kingston Jamaica, but the children got in the way of the ambush and somehow "Tuff Gong" managed to escape with minor injuries to the arm and chest..
Protocols of the Elders of Zion
Tuff Gong makes his escapeAfter the Neo-Nazi Conquest of Europe, the Greater Zionist Resistance had reformed into the Semitic-African Resistance. Marley's almost unique background made him a perfect choice for the leadership of this new organization. In fact he suffered acute racial prejudice as a youth, because of his mixed racial origins and faced questions about his own racial identity throughout his life.
His father Norval Sinclair Marley was a caucasian-Jamaican of Syrian-Jewish-English descent who had served in the Royal Marines prior to the world-wide collapse of the British Empire. "I have to run like a fugitive to save the life I live. I'm gonna be Iron like a Lion in Zion"
Click
to watch the videoA plantation overseer, he married Cedella Booker, an Afro-Jamaican then eighteen years old before dying of a heart attack in 1955 at age sixty.
Thrown into poverty as a street child, Marley had almost died of starvation in Trench Town. But he survived to lead the fightback as the indefatigable succcessor that Winston Churchill could never have imagined.
And in a sign that perhaps the tide was turning, a Nazi TV Broadcast was interrupted by the great Yahman who quietly made a calm assurance that "Everything is going to be alright".
Part one of the novel can be downloaded
here and continues as a thread on this site.
In 2009, Hollywood Director Ruben Fleischer announced a $1m dollar award for the first movie-goer who correctly guessed the identity of "Patient Zero" in the comedy thriller "Zombieland" which was released on this day in Australia.
Click
to watch the Movie Trailer on Youtube
Who was Patient Zero in the Zombie Apocalypse?An early connection is the odd reappearance of "Victim in Bathroom" (played by Mike White) who later in the movie is scammed by Wichita and Little Rock at the "Gas and Gulp". These events are mirrored by Columbus who narrates the origin of the Zombie Apocalypse by explaining that some months before, patient zero took a bite of an infected burger at a Gas Gulp, also the location of the opening scene in Garland, TX.
When Columbus checks the washroom door, and the zombie (picture) chases him across the car lot, it becomes apparent that the Gas and Gulp at Garland is the epicentre of the Zombie Apocalypse and the mystery is solved.
In 1963, on this day US President John F. Kennedy (pictured) announced that an additional five thousand military advisors would be deployed in Vietnam during early January. By the end of the year Saigon had received $500 million in military aid.A Quick Business Trip
Mr Kennedy had recently returned from a campaign tour of the southern states during which he had held a private meeting with former Vice President Richard M. Nixon. White House staff were quick to dismiss a suggested connection between the meeting and the announcement.
As had been reported openly in the Dallas Times Herald, by coincidence Mr Nixon had conveniently been in Dallas on the 21st November for a quick business trip. A young marine named Lee Oswald had delivered Mr Nixon's gracious invitation and the President had been only too pleased to accept.
On this day in 1941, the US carrier task force which had left Pearl Harbor on November 26th returned to Hawaii. | |
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On this day in 1972, the Dallas Cowboys officially clinched an NFC wild card berth with a 27-7 win over the St. Louis Cardinals at Busch Stadium.                                         | |
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| US President | In 1989, with the East German Communist state collapsing, Chancellor Egon Krenz is forced from power. |
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| Jack Kemp |
Once again, he managed to infuriate those above him though he was very well liked by the platoon that he led.
Back in New York meanwhile, Jennie Jerome campaigned for the Democrats once more in the 1897 election though she was once again unsuccessful when New York went wholeheartedly for William McKinley and the Republicans. Jerome was to fade in significance for the next few years, thoguh she would make a comeback later on.
Meanwhile American interest in intervention in Cuba became more marked, and the people of the USA were aghast at the (largely exaggerated) atrocities committed by the Spanish in Cuba. The situation came to a head with the mysterious sinking of the battleship USS Maine on February 15, 1898, at 9:40 p.m. in Havana Harbor. The sinking was attributed, by Spanish scientists, to an internal and accidental explosion; but in 1898 a Naval inquiry reported that it was caused by submarine mine and one month later war was declared.
As the USA and Spain geared up to fight, Churchill remained stationed in Fort Worth where he became frustrated at his lack of action. Just days after the war began, Churchill requested a transfer which his local commander was only too happy to adhere to.
Winston Churchill was transferred to the US V corps and soon after travelled to Cuba to fight.
December 2
In 1775, on this day Lt. John Paul Jones hoisted the Grand Union Flag above the Alfred, a man-of-war of the Continental Navy which was moored in Philadelphia Docks.
The Sword is Mightier than the PenDescribed as being similar to the English colors, but "more striped" the flag aptly symbolized a growing desire for formal representation of the colonies as self-governing states in the British Empire.
Only six months before, that mood had been succinctly captured in prose by Sir Thomas Jefferson. His reconciliatory letter to His Majesty King George III had suggested that the colonies did not wish to revolt, but simply sought the right to fair taxation and trading rights. But it took the Battles of Lexington and Concord to convince the Crown that the Americans were determined to achieve equal rights, by any means necessary.
The final agreement took effect on January 1st, 1778, and although denounced by a number of hard-liners (notably Samuel Adams in Boston), the vast majority of Americans supported the agreement, officially known as the Colonial Representation Act. Sir Benjamin Franklin served as the first Viceroy, unfortunately for only three years until his death in December 1790. Sir Thomas Jefferson served as the third Viceroy, from 1807 until 1819. Upon his retirement, he focused on furthering higher education in Virginia, establishing the University of Virginia in 1825. He died on July 4, 1826, a few hours ahead of John Adams, the Royal Governor of Massachusetts.
In 1968, after nearly thirteen years of prison, Rosa Parks, the famous Black woman whose refusal to comply to city ordinance that Blacks sit in the back of city buses began the campaign of Non-Violent Resistance that gradually began to end the legal position of minorities as second-class citizens in the CSA.
Rosa Parks Released from PrisonWhile her action seemed minimal, it prompted action from leaders among the Black community, particularly a young Martin Luther King, Jr., whose speech in Richmond at the Jefferson Memorial on a racially united South where all men (and women) were truly created equal. Though it would not be until 1971 that the Civil Rights Amendment was passed after the harsh treatment of caused negative sentiment toward racism (also, the year of death of Confederate President Hugo LaFayette Black, seemingly symbolic of the end), the long, slow, but promising transition to the end of "American Apartheid" was slow but gave promising steps throughout. Rosa Parks, for example, was freed two years early after mounting non-violent protest and letter-writing campaigns that swamped the Alabama State Prison system.
A new story by Jeff ProvineAlthough the South's transition to equality had its bloody times, it was peaceful compared with the near-civil war in the United States. After the CSA gained its independence, slavery continued to be legal until it ecame economically imfeasible and transformed into an apprenticeship system. Black freedmen migrated northward to full citizenship rights for years until the immigration crackdowns of the 1880s. Cities such as Detroit, Chicago, New York, and Washington, D.C., gained large Black populations that were initially embraced but soon seen as neighborhoods of trouble due to unemployment and low standards of living (brought on mainly by racism prevalent among Northern Whites).
Under the leadership of men such as Malcom X and through the Black Panthers movement, violence rose up continually among the Black population in resistance to oppression. Spread of the Ku Klux Klan in the 1930s in states such as Iowa and Indiana, which had sent vast numbers of soldiers years before in an attempt to free the slaves, now sought to keep down their Black neighbors. National Guard troops were routinely called in to place cities under martial law throughout the 1950s and '60s.
Seeing the plight of his Northern brothers Martin Luther King, Jr., began a campaign for solidarity, but only with those who would join him in gaining justice without bloodshed. He joined with others in organizing the Freedom Rides aimed at Chicago in 1961, using newly gained rights of interstate transit among Blacks to present a non-violent protest of violence on both sides. The buses were notoriously attacked shortly after crossing the Kentucky border.
After King's assassination in 1968 in Tennessee as he prepared a tour of the North, his Dream would live on and finally see conclusion with a transition to legal equality. While the question of social equality remains unanswered even after two generations, the turbulent times at least made progress toward a "day on the red hills of Georgia the sons of former slaves and the sons of former slave owners will be able to sit down together at the table of brotherhood".
In 2007, upon its display in the Uffizi Gallery shortly after its recovery from the famed Louvre theft, the painting of the Mona Lisa caused a protest among the minority cult known as "Christos", the Italian branch of the international organization branched originally from Judaism.
Mona Lisa Causes Uproar Among Christos The Florentine Christos found the painting to be "discriminatory" to quote Venetian church leader Giuseppe Melchiorre Sarto. The cryptic smile that had so caught the attention of Symbolist movement of the 19th century is said to be hinting at "woman's domination of god".
A new story by Jeff ProvineAccording to the cult's history, their founder Yeshua was at Passover in Jerusalem despite warnings that the ruling religious leaders may try for an attempt upon his life. As spontaneously as a changed mind, he left the Garden of Gethsemane saying "This cup has passed from me" and sneaked out of the city with his followers. While he would continue to struggle with the religious norms, he would live more quietly in Galilee, marrying a woman from Bethany named Mary, and dying peacefully at the reported age of 120 years.
This offshoot of Judaism would spread quickly through the Greek world as Gentiles were allowed to convert without necessarily following the Jewish Law. It would join many of the savior cults of the mid-Roman Empire, such as those of Demeter and Mithras, this one specializing in grace and detachment from material possessions. While continuing despite its insistence upon a single god, the cult would ultimately be overshadowed by modern Isis-worship, evident today in temples and Ankh-necklaces seen throughout the world.
In 1985, following the publication of Rorschach's Journal in the New Frontiersman, Senator John David Keene demanded the formation of a committee of the United States House of Representatives to investigate the allegations against Veidt Enterprises. Click
to watch The Keene Act & YOU (1977) on Youtube
Rorschach's Journal First elected as a Republican Senator in 1972, four years later Keene allied himself with the New York Police Officer's Union on protesting at the liberties taken by the masked adventurers. The following year after the Police Strike, he tabled the infamous Keene Act, which banned costumed crime-fighters save those sanctioned by the government. Though The Crimebusters were forced to stop their crime-fighting ways, some (namely Rorschach) chose not to stop, wreaking havoc and evading the police instead.
And so despite this emergency Registration Act, it now appeared that the so-called Watchmen had continued their activities illegally over the past nine years. Most disturbingly perhaps, the spirit of a bogus uniting threat from Doctor Manhattan had been manufactured by the megalomaniac Adrian Veidt.
Already, Keene was being hailed as a leading candidate for the 1988 race when five-term President Richard Nixon was finally planning to retire from the White House. However the relevations in Rorschach's Journal were threatening to destroy his legacy, raising fresh questions about the addition of his image as a fifth face on Mount Rushmore.
In 1860, seizing the initiative in the growing secessionist crisis, Congressional Committees boldly stepped into the dangerous power vacuum that had emerged between lame-duck President James Buchanan and the sinisterely quiet President-elect Abraham Lincoln. A "take it or leave it" offer was made to the would-be breakaway states: an amendment to the US Constitution that included a cast-iron guarantee of no further territorial expansion and a protection of the states rights to continue the institution of slavery.
Thirteenth AmendmentIn so doing, Congress beat a long retreat from the growth of republicanism that had surged through the Federal Government with apace since the election of Thomas Jefferson (pictured). Not that Jefferson was the guilty architect of course, because the states debts after the War of Independence had demanded a stronger central authority in order to protect the states from bankcruptcy. Those prophets (including many of the Founding Fathers themselves) who had advocated a Confederation with a weak General Government would now in hindsight be seen as presciently correct, it simply was not safe to place American freedoms in the hands of bankers and lawyers such as Lincoln.
The landmark decision would defuse the secession crisis, extending the state of the Union for a century. Secretary of State Seward would be legally required to decline Russian's unexpectedly generous offer for the "Alaska Purchase". Given the unlikelihood of slavery in the northern latitutes this seemingly unimportant decision would suddenly become a problem of apocalyptic dimensions for President Kennedy during the Alaskan Missiles Crisis one hundred years later.
In 1969, British double agent Kliment Voroshilov died of old age in his Moscow apartment on this day. The discredited Field Marshall was eighty-eight years old and the last surviving Bolshevik revolutionary. That he had survived the purges to pass away through natural causes was hugely ironic, because as Stalin had suspected during his paranoid dotage, Voroshilov had been turned by British Intelligence in 1938.
Death of VoroshilovOnly a few months later, Voroshilov led negotiations with the Western Allies, seeking a deal which Stalin initially rejected. Instead, he desired a pact with Nazi Germany explaining that "Our aim is to ensure Germany can continue to fight for as long as possible, in order to exhaust and ruin England and France. They must not be in a condition to rout Germany. Our position is thus clear - remaining neutral, we aid Germany economically, with raw materials and foodstuffs. It is important for us that the war continues as long as possible, in order that both sides exhaust their forces".
"Our aim is to ensure Germany can continue to fight for as long as possible, in order to exhaust and ruin England and France". ~ Josef StalinStalin was forced to make a sharp recalculation when he learnt from Voroshilov that the Polish Cipher Bureau had cracked the Enigma devices used by German High Command, enabling the Western allies to intercept the Nazi German secret communications known as "Ultra". And under the terms of a framework agreement signed between the British, French and Polish Governments, an Allied Expeditionary Force was dispatched to guarantee Polish Sovereignty.
"Voroshilov was a hard-riding, hard-drinking military crony of civil-war days" ~ Alec NoveAn early intimate of the Soviet leader, Voroshilov was permitted to call Stalin by his nickname of "Koba". As Stalin mental strength declined, suspicion even fell on Voroshilov. In fact, his cover was very nearly exposed at the Tehran Conference in 1943. During a ceremony to receive the "Sword of Stalingrad" from Winston Churchill, he nervously took the sword from Stalin but then allowed the sword to fall from its scabbard onto his toes in the presence of his paymasters.
In 1985, on this day the United States landed a man on Mars, right on schedule.
Triumph to TriumphThe NASA space program had moved from triumph to triumph since the moon landings in the late sixties and early seventies, and the building of a working space station in 1973 had laid the groundwork for travel to other worlds within the solar system.
Gary Davis, the first man on Mars, had been a teenager during the moon landings, and remembered vividly the sight of Jim Lovell walking on the moon during the successful Apollo 13 mission; it had inspired him to become an astronaut himself in America's thriving astronaut corps.
On this day in 1973, Roger Staubach led the Dallas Cowboys to their ninth win of the 1973 NFL season as they beat the Denver Broncos 24-10; Dallas would finish the regular season at 11-3. | |
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| Roger Staubach |
| US President | In 2001, with Osama bin Laden still at large following the terrorist downing of United Airlines Flight 93 on Sept. 11, which resulted in dozens of deaths, another William Safire column accuses President Gore of "weakness" in response to terrorism. |
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| Al Gore |
In New York City, where Mayor Rudolph Giuliani has learned from government contacts that the World Trade Center had been unsuccessfully targeted for attack the same day Flight 93 went down, City Hall announces the formation of a new anti-terror police squad intended to "coordinate" with the National Guard, the U.S. Army and the FBI. In an editorial the following day, the New York Times will express concern about the possible abuse of police powers by the new squad. |
On this day in 1971, suspicions that foiled would-be hijacker D.B. Cooper was a Soviet spy were confirmed when a KGB defector being debriefed at a CIA safe house in France was shown a photo of Cooper and identified him as one Dmitri Kaprinsky, a sleeper agent who'd been working undercover in the United States since the late 1950s. 'D.B. Cooper' was an alias created by the KGB to facilitate Kaprinsky's infiltration into American society. | |
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| Hilary Clinton | In 2007, on this day the Rochester, New Hampshire office of Reuters reported ~ A woman carrying fake explosives seized several hostages at Democratic presidential front-runner Hillary Clinton's New Hampshire campaign office on Friday before surrendering peacefully to end a tense standoff. |
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| US President |
New Hampshire State Police Col. Frederick Booth said Lewinsky had strapped highway flares to his body, held a detonator that gave the appearance she was holding an improvised explosive device and demanded to speak with Clinton. Clinton had offered to cooperate, Booth said, but police negotiators did not want her to talk with Lewinsky. |
Young Winston Churchill wanted to be a soldier. However, he wasn't very good with authority or taking orders and was yet to make an enthusiastic student. Later, Churchill was to name his time at West Point as 'Four of the worst years of my life'. He attempted to leave twice but was discouraged by his mother.
Churchill came to the attention of Superintendent Oswald Hurbert Ernst many times during his stay at West Point. This attention was largely negative as many of the tutors complained about Churchills attitude towards the work and towards them. At one point, Churchill was reported as having stated to a Latin tutor that 'Your subject is defunct. There can be no benefit in learning a dead language.'
Ernst wrote to Jennie Jerome Churchill in Winston's first year that
Winston has shown himself to be lazy, rude and undisciplined. Regardless of the respect that I among others had for your late father and currently hold for yourself, this cannot be tolerated at this academy. I should like to ask you to speak to your son and attempt to instill in him the importance of his time here.
While Churchill was struggling through West Point, his mother continued with her interesting social life and important role in New York society. Leonard Jerome had died in 1891 and Jennie now adopted his important role in New York society. She was seen meeting with local leaders in business, politics and high society.
Jerome tended to apply her favour to the Democratic Party and campaigned for the New York Democrats in the House elections of 1894. This did her no good when the Republicans won by a landslide. New York also elected a Republican Governor, Levi P. Morton with whom Jerome did not enjoy a very warm relationship.
Churchill graduated from West Point in 1897 second to bottom in his class. Nevertheless, he was now Second Lieutenant Churchill of the United States Army.
In 2007, on this day the London office of Reuters reported ~ A man has been convicted of racially aggravated harassment after calling a Welsh woman English. Michael Forsythe was sentenced to 10 weeks in jail, suspended for 12 months, after being found guilty of racially aggravated disorderly behaviour, a court official said. Forsythe received the sentence at Welshpool Magistrates Court on Tuesday and was also ordered to pay 200 Welsh pounds in prosecution costs. The former lorry driver, who is originally from Northern Ireland, but lives in the Kingdom of Powys, Mid Cymru, called Lorna Steele an 'English b-' during an argument after he collided with her parked vehicle in the Welsh market town of Newport in February. Forsythe has attacked the prosecution as a waste of time and money, according to the Daily Mail newspaper. 'I find it unbelievable that I've been prosecuted for this,' he said. 'I've travelled all over Europe as a lorry driver and never had any problems with anybody and now they're officially calling me a racist. 'It's political correctness gone mad.' | Welsh Flag |
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After retiring as a Four-Star General in the U.S. Army, Haig served as the U.S. Secretary of State under President Ronald Reagan and White House Chief of Staff under Presidents Richard Nixon and Gerald Ford. In 1973 Haig served as Vice Chief of Staff of the Army, the number two ranking officer in the Army. From 1974-79, Haig served as the Supreme Allied Commander Europe (SACEUR), the ex officio commander of the all U.S. and NATO forces in Europe. Haig is a veteran of the Korean and Vietnam Wars and is a recipient of the Distinguished Service Cross, the Army's second highest medal for heroism, as well as the Silver Star with Oak Leaf Cluster and the purple heart.
In 1981, after the March 30 assassination attempt on Reagan, Haig asserted before reporters 'I'm in control here' as a result of Reagan's hospitalization. Rather than being seen as exceeding his authority, the quotation became seen as an attempt to allay the nation's fear.
December 1
In 1883, in accordance with Article V of the Constitution, President William T. Sherman called upon Congress to repeal the tenth amendment.
War is HellBecause the Founding Fathers had envisaged a system of dual sovereignty under which the general government would (only) enjoy a delegated sphere of power. And in the tenth amendment, Anti-Federalists thought they had won a legal safeguard against central encroachment.
The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively, or to the people.
But the legal safeguard was put aside in 1798 by the passage of the Sedition Act. And the central government and the states then entered a sixty year period of jockeying for authority including threats and then finally moves to nullify legislation and then finally secede from the Union. Both of which were priveleges that the Founding Fathers believed were enshrined by States Rights.
The decision was finally settled by the seven year States War [1]. The political elite searched for means to prevent the repeat of such a terrible cycle of destructive violence. And they concluded that the answer was to eliminate state sovereignty by repealing the the tenth amendment.
In 1883, in accordance with Article V of the Constitution, President William T. Sherman called upon Congress to repeal the tenth amendment.
War is HellBecause the Founding Fathers had envisaged a system of dual sovereignty under which the general government would (only) enjoy a delegated sphere of power. And in the tenth amendment, Anti-Federalists thought they had won a legal safeguard against central encroachment.
The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively, or to the people.
But the legal safeguard was put aside in 1798 by the passage of the Sedition Act. And the central government and the states then entered a sixty year period of jockeying for authority including threats and then finally moves to nullify legislation and then finally secede from the Union. Both of which were priveleges that the Founding Fathers believed were enshrined by States Rights.
The decision was finally settled by the seven year States War [1]. The political elite searched for means to prevent the repeat of such a terrible cycle of destructive violence. And they concluded that the answer was to eliminate state sovereignty by repealing the the tenth amendment.
In 1955, on this fateful day in Montgomery, Alabama, bus driver James F. Blake dis-regard for an illegal act of civil disobedience allowed Semitic-African Resistance Fighter Rosa Parks to escape from the clutches of the Bund.
Rosa Parks slips through the netShe had occupied a seat in the white section in order to pass travel documents to Moyse Dayan. He, along with other freedom fighters, was travelling to liberal Canada along the re-activated Underground Railroad originally created during the US Civil War by Harriet Tubman.
It was many weeks before the incident was reported to Bund President Strom Thurmond, and only because of a chance identification based upon Dayan's signature eye-patch. By then he was long gone, but Parks real identity had been exposed and her days were numbered.
In 1973, leading political officer of the Greater Zionist Resistance (GZR) David Grün (David Green) died at Lower East Side New York, not far from the home of his protégé Micky Marcus.
Cast a Giant ShadowFollowing the assassination of Astrid Pflaume in 1935, he had emerged as the de facto leader of the GZR. Under the iron-like grip of his leadership the movement grew even stronger, giving the neo-Nazis little choice but to begin shuttling weapons of the future into the past. And within a decade, the tide had turned and the Zionists were fighting for their lives in a strip of land in Free Poland. Tragically, it was a far cry from his trademark greeting "Next year, in Jerusalem!".
In the Free World, Green was perhaps most famous for the iconic images (pictured) of him serving as a pragmatic mentor to the former United States Army colonel David Daniel "Mickey" Marcus who disobeyed orders from President Lindbergh to assist the GZR during this calamitous period. When he perished in the fall of Warsaw, Green personally wrote the letter of commiserations to his wife in New York City, noting "Emma, he was the best man we had". But against the odds, Green himself survived until December 1973, living to the ripe old age of 87.
Part one of the novel can be downloaded
here and continues as a thread on this site.
In 1824, the U.S. House of Representatives takes up the matter of the presidential stalemate between Andrew Jackson and John Quincy Adams.
President William H. CrawfordSince no candidate received a majority of the total electoral college votes in the election, the United States House of Representatives is given the task of deciding the winner in accordance with the Twelfth Amendment to the United States Constitution.
Wrangling over votes in the House became intense, and several deals were struck that were later reneged on. In the end, the Representatives gave the election to the candidate who came in 3rd, as Jackson's and Adams' supporters were unable to secure a majority for their men. William H. Crawford (pictured), still recovering from a stroke, became the 6th President of the United States. And his first act was to call for the abolition of the electoral college.
In 2009, on this day President John McCain nominated his former opponent Barack Obama to serve as the United States Ambassador to the United Nations, a position he also upgraded to Cabinet Status.
Ambassador Obama, RebootIn theory this bipartisan appointment was the kind of negotiated compromise that reflected the very best ideals of the Republic. Denied executive power to drive the domestic agenda, Obama gracefully accepted a diminished role in New York; outside of Washington, McCain was prepared to invite the risk of a future challenge to his authority on foreign policy. And through the unpredictable operation of democratic processes, the electorate had chosen holders for two Great Offices of State which in truth barely suited the core strengths of either candidate.
Even less predictable was the course of events and ironically the bonds of their relationship would be tested to the limit over a crisis in Africa. The catalyst was the controversial decision to arm the rebels fighting to oust Libyan Leader Muammar Gaddafi.
This post is a reboot of the article Ambassador Obama and is based on a suggestion from Eric Lipps.
By 1955, ninety years after the Civil War had been won, maintaining the Union and also securing rights to Black slaves, the African Americans had left behind unwilling servitude but still suffered as second-class citizens throughout the United States.
Rosa Parks Riot BeginsWhile many of the actions against them such as the terrorism of the Ku Klux Klan and the mob violence of lynching were extra-legal, Jim Crow laws attempted to make certain that the precedent of "Separate but Equal" kept African Americans separate but never fully equal. Simply because of the darker nature of their skin, they were not allowed in public swimming pools, refused service at restaurants, made to drink from separate water fountains, and, of course, made to ride in the back of public buses.
One evening in Montgomery, Alabama, an African American woman named Rosa Parks was returning from work, sitting in the appropriate Black section of the bus. When the White section was filled and several White men still needed seats, bus driver James Blake asked Mrs. Parks to stand, and the woman refused. Blake threatened to call the police, and Parks said he may. As Blake turned to do just that, he tripped and fell, bloodying his nose. Leaping to his feet, he accused the woman of tripping him, and the bloody nose turned to an all-out riot. For nearly three days, Montgomery was turned to pandemonium while fighting spread throughout Alabama. Most notoriously, on the second day, a meeting organized by local NAACP president E.D. Nixon taking place at the church of Martin Luther King, Jr., was raided by angry Whites, leaving both men and several others dead.
A new story by Jeff ProvineThe potential for civil disobedience suddenly evaporated throughout the South, and sentiment turned violently opposed to integration on both sides. Efforts toward desegregation, by people such as Jackie Robinson and his famed court-martial when refusing to enter a military bus by the back door, suddenly evaporated. Rumored to be caused by threats and negative public opinion, the case of Browder v. Gayle upheld segregation law.
While the South erupted in violence for years to come, the North would see a new campaign arise from the Nation of Islam. Under the leadership of Elijah Muhammad and Malcolm X, the Nation drew great attention to the older notion of the Back-to-Africa movement. Segregation seemed unbeatable; now was the time to make the separation geographical as well as legal. As conditions grew unbearable, political connections began to grow in Washington under the Kennedy administration. Part of later president LBJ's Great Society called for federal funding in grants for the reopening of colonization in Liberia. Over the course of the 1960s and '70s, hundreds of thousands of African Americans would cross the Atlantic back to their once-native continent.
Political relations with the growing Liberia among the US remained strained. American Marines were able to help halt an attempted coup in 1980, and the two both condemned Communism (though for differing reasons), but Liberia continued to call for the equivocation of rights among non-white Americans that frustrated diplomats. With the end of apartheid in South Africa in the 1990s, the world community turned to the United States in anticipation of similar actions. While some concessions have been made, Separate but Equal continued to maintain rule. As the new millennium began and increasing numbers of Hispanic Americans expand the minority into another voting bloc, advocates hope that another chance at equality may come soon, but only if alliances among white and non-white activist groups can be made.
In 2914, due to a radical change of heart from both beings, Yahweh rewarded the Morning Star for his benign thousand-year reign of the Earth; instead of casting the Fallen Angel into the Lake of Fire, he would be "lifted up again by the Lord".
Click
to watch Full Force Gale by Van Morrison (1979) on Youtube
Satan Calls it QuitsDuring his preceding thousand-year imprisonment, the true repentance of the punished had entered his damned soul. And wisdom also - he had in fact experienced something of a revelation. Because in casting him out of heaven forever, yet asserting that repentance was the true path to redemption, he correctly discerned that Yahweh had inadvertently created a paradox of forgiveness.
"And no matter where I roam
I will find my way back home
I will always return to the Lord" ~Van MorrisonIn 1914, Jesus took control of the heavenly kingdom and the Morning Star was loosed from his prison. Therein lie his opportunity to have his status in heaven restored. And like many sinners given just one last, final chance to redeem themselves, he seized it with both hands.
In the starkest possible, apocalyptic terms, humanity was forewarned "woe to the earth because Satan comes down with great wrath, knowing his time is short". However that year did not usher in an age of violence such as no other, instead quite the reverse.
Finding humanity on the very brink of catastrophy, the pity, and yes, repentance, that once made him the mightiest of the Host of Angels, stirred once again in his sinful heart. Because something was missing from this harsh world, and that was love. And so for the first time in millenia, the Morning Star once again called the warring nations to prayer, exhorting them to love thy neighbour, yelling his holy name as he leaped across the roof-tops of the World, praise God, praise God almighty for this precious gift of life. The Morning Star that used to rise early had arisen, once again.
In 1979, on this day Marshal Nikolai Ogarkov, chief of the Soviet general staff, abruptly resigned his post just after returning from an inspection tour of Red Army military bases in East Germany. His official reason for stepping down was declining health; unofficially, however, there were rumors he was afraid of being arrested, exiled, or even killed as so many other Soviet political and military officials had been in the half-decade since Yuri Andropov was dismissed as head of the KGB.
Ogarkov's FateAnd indeed there had been at least one assassination attempt on Ogarkov's life during his East German visit; that attempt had prompted two of the marshal's senior aides to turn in their own resignations a week before Ogarkov himself quit.
A new post from the Necessary Evil Thread by Chris OakleyIronically, Marshal Ogarkov might have been better off not resigning; less than two weeks after he retired as defense minister he was fatally injured in a hit-and-run accident near his Moscow flat. Post-Cold War conspiracy theorists would speculate Ogarkov had been targeted for murder by one of his political adversaries, but the official Moscow police determination in the matter of the marshal's death was that he had been hit by a drunk driver. In any case, his demise would further heighten the already intense paranoia many Soviet citizens felt about their government -- by New Year's Day 1980 anti-government rallies would become an almost weekly event in the USSR's larger cities and foreign embassies in Moscow would go on full security alert as riots began to tear further at the country's badly frayed social fabric.
The tension would finally erupt into outright civil war less than twelve months after Ogarkov's resignation.
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© Today in Alternate History, 2013-. All characters appearing in this work are fictitious. Any resemblance to real persons, living or dead, is purely coincidental.




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